Characteristics of gold species Clonal, shrubby, middle class, early species

.Characteristics of gold species 

Clonal, shrubby, middle class, early species. The buds and leaves have strong growth and tenderness, and the peak of one bud and three leaves is in early April. The dry samples of one bud and two leaves of spring tea contain 3.9% amino acids, 34.9% tea polyphenols,  45.2% water extract. The quality of oolong tea is excellent, the rope is tight and heavy, the aroma is fragrant and long, the taste is mellow and sweet, and the "rhyme" taste is obvious. It has the quality characteristics of Tieguanyin, and the excellent rate is especially high, the cutting reproduction is strong, and the survival rate is high.

Growing environment

Drought resistance, cold resistance and strong adaptability, in deep soil layer, fertile garden

Distribution range

Fujian tea region and similar climatic conditions of the region.

Seedling technique

1.1.1 Location selection

The water source irrigation is convenient, the transportation is convenient, the altitude is 400~500m, the annual average temperature is 21℃, the relative humidity is 80%~90%, the soil is mainly red soil, yellow red soil, deep soil layer, high organic matter content. [1]

1.1.2 the commune

The whole garden 20~30cm deep, and made a furrow, furrow width 1~1.4m, 15~20cm high, furrow width 40~60cm or so, the length of the seedbed can be determined according to the terrain, at the same time stratified application of base fertilizer, generally every 667m2 of decomposed farm fertilizer 1000~2000kg, phosphate fertilizer 20~30kg; It is necessary to build crisscross drainage and irrigation ditches along the main branch road and production road of the tea garden, so that the tea garden can meet the requirements of drought irrigation and flood drainage. [1]

1.1.3 pave soil

Lay a layer of loess of 5~7cm on the surface of the seedbed. Loess should be selected red yellow soil, first its topsoil, dug out the heart of the soil, and about 1cm aperture sieve. Loess should be tiled at the surface of the seedbed, and appropriate repression, so that the seedbed level. After seedling bed leveling, can be carried out row, in the bed surface to draw cuttings line distance traces, so that when cutting according to this mark orderly equidistant cutting, line distance is about 8cm, plant distance is about 2cm. [1]

1.1.4 choose ear

In the tea growing in spring, cut off the top bud and leave it for 7-15 days, and select the branches with full axillary buds and yellowish-green and purplish stiffening as mother ears. Cuttings had better cut ear cuttings in time, if not cut cuttings in time, yi Ke short-term storage, but to maintain fresh condition, to prevent wilting, fever and crushed leaves. Long distance transport cuttings, to be properly packed, timely water, to prevent drying and sultry, avoid sunlight. [1]

1.1.5 seedling

Cuttings, should check the moisture of the seedbed topsoil, to hold the group, loosen that spread out as well, such as dry, must be sprayed, so that the topsoil fully moist. Cuttings, using your thumb and index finger in the axillary bud at the top of cuttings and petioles, according to the trace line draw good planting distance, vertical insert in seedbed soil, two-thirds of the cuttings are short stem inserted into soil, leaf bud and petioles above soil surface, planting distance and ensure that leaves do not overlap, after waiting for a line plug, use forefinger and middle finger, along the lines of cuttings, squeezing soil near the cuttings undergo, Keep the cuttings and soil tightly attached to the seedbed. After extrusion of the cuttings, slightly tilted with the bed surface, the leaves on the cuttings slightly warped, do not make the leaves stick soil. Cutting, to edge cutting, edge drenching. [1]

1.1.6 take charmilles

When cuttings are finished, shade can be erected. We choose the flat top low shed the most simple, the best range of application, shed height of about 50cm. Spring sunshine is not strong, shade can be sparse. Usually 60%~70% shading. When the tea seedlings grow to 7-10cm, the branches and leaves of the tea seedlings become lignified and the root system begins to improve. The shade net can be gradually removed on cloudy days. [1]

1.1.7 irrigation

The cuttings that have just been inserted into the soil are traumatized at the upper and lower ends, and the inserted part is shallow, so it is very important to keep wet frequently. Especially in the first 40 to 50 days, pay special attention to. From the insertion to hair new roots about 3 months time, to frequently doused water, maintain the soil water capacity of 60%~70%, morning or evening sprinkled 1 time, too wet roots or rotten roots. However, too much soil moisture affects soil aeration and is not conducive to the growth of roots. When the cuttings root, and grow branches and leaves into seedlings, watering frequency and watering amount decreased accordingly. At this time conditional nursery, feasible ditch irrigation. Ditch will not be fully submerged seedbed, immersion time is not more than 3~4 hours. [1]

1.1.8 application

Cutting seedlings formed root system initially, began topdressing. Usually 3 months after cutting, began the first topdressing, every 667m2 with urea 1.5~2kg plus superphosphate 10kg, early fertilizer concentration to light, later with the seedlings grow up, gradually add thick. Fertilizer mixed with water, fertilizer concentration is controlled in 0.5%~1%. Autumn tea seedlings grow, can directly spread compound fertilizer in cloudy days, every 667m2. 10~20kg compound fertilizer is used each time. After spreading, spray water appropriately to wash off the soil.

^{Cultivation techniques}

^{The commune content of}

^{When the new tea garden is built or the old tea garden is reconstructed, the whole garden should be deeply ploughed to cultivate more than 50cm deep, dig the tea ditch 40cm deep and 40cm wide, and dig acidic soil with pH lower than 4.0. Dolomite powder, lime and other substances can be used to adjust pH to 4.5-5.5. If pH is higher than 6.0, physiological acid fertilizer should be used to adjust pH. More should dig deep heavy fertilizer, improve the soil. [2]}

^{1.1.9 Re-application of organic fertilizer}

^{The heterosis of the hybrid is strong. Yield exceeds parental Ben. Need large amount of fertilizer, fertilizer tolerance, therefore, with organic fertilizer and mineral source fertilizer as the base fertilizer, before planting ditch deep application. About 0.5t of fermented cake manure or 2.5t of manure was applied every 667m2. Combined with the application of superphosphate or calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer 50kg, mixing and mixing with soil, fertilizer depth of about 30cm. [2]}

^{1.1.10 Establish the drainage and irrigation system}

^{Water affects the survival, growth, yield and quality of tea plants. Water supplement, tea garden ladder layer inside a horizontal ditch water storage, the top of the mountain, garden, roadside, steep slope wasteland set reservoir. Establish a drainage and irrigation system with storage as the main. Sprinkling irrigation or drip irrigation equipment shall be laid in tea areas where conditions permit. Implement water-saving irrigation. [2]}

^{1.1.11 Plant trees and grass}

^{Around the tea garden, the gap, the top of the mountain, tuyere, roadside, ladder wall, steep slope wasteland planting grass, grass and planting green fertilizer crops combined. Prevent soil erosion. Adjust the microclimate of tea garden, enrich the biodiversity and improve the ecological environment of tea garden. The mountain top and tuyere tea gardens have serious wind erosion and rain erosion, so large trees should be planted and moderately densely planted to reduce the harm of wind erosion and rain erosion. [2]}

^{1.1.12 Standardized planting}

^{According to the local climate conditions and the altitude of the tea garden, choose the proper weather to plant tea, so as to improve the survival rate. Plant in the rainy season or before rain. Do not plant during frost or hot sunny days. In Fujian, it is generally advisable to plant tea before and after the Spring Festival, and it is better to plant tea in high altitude areas above 600m in spring, and attention should be paid to prevent late frost and freezing damage. Golden peony stands upright, should be reduced row spacing, increase planting density. Double row double plant planting, large row spacing 150cm. The distance between strips and holes is 30cm and 30cm respectively. The holes are triangular with each other. Each hole has 1~2 plants. Generally, 5,000 to 5,500 plants are planted per 667m2. When planting, the root neck of the tea seedling was about 3cm away from the soil surface, and the root was 5cm~10cm away from the base fertilizer. Be sure to step tightly after planting, so that the root system and the soil are tightly bonded. In case of several consecutive days of high temperature and sunny days, or planted in sandy soil tea garden, after planting need irrigation, shading. [2]}

^{1.1.13 Grass cover}

^{The growth of tea trees in the tea plantation covered with grass was significantly better than that in the tea plantation not covered with grass. Grass mulch is a very economical, effective and practical technical measure, which can prevent soil erosion, protect water storage and stabilize temperature. Warm in winter and cool in summer, increase organic matter and reduce weed growth. In the early stage, the tea garden can be covered with straw, reed, straw and other non-polluted hay. The whole garden or the grass in the tea shop should be densely paved. If a few weeds grow, pull them by hand. [2]}

^{1.1.14 Fertilizer and water management}

^{Golden peony has strong heterosis, vigorous bud and leaf growth, tender shoot and fat. Strong resistance to fertilizer. After planting, the management of fertilizer and water in tea garden should be strengthened to promote rapid growth and rapid growth, and a small amount of fertilizer should be applied frequently, mainly organic liquid fertilizer. Fertilizer should be applied less, N, P, K fertilizer should be applied with soil cover after application, high temperature and drought season should be irrigated, rainy season should eliminate water in tea garden. [2]}

^{1.1.15 Crown cultivation}

^{After planting, the first set pruning should be carried out with a height of 18cm~20cm above the ground, the second set pruning height of 33cm~35cm, and the third set pruning height of 48cm~50cm. When the tree is as high as 60cm or so, the fourth set pruning should be replaced by top picking, and the set pruning should be carried out 3~4 times within two years. Before each set cutting can be combined with the top picking, after cutting closed garden for cultivation, cultivation of "short, strong, dense" canopy.}